The operation of deleting the universal quantifier and replacing every variable bound by that quantifier with a constant or a variable.
Universal Generalization (UG)
The operation of adding a universal quantifier to a formula possessing at least one occurrence of a variable to be quantified. This rule cannot be applied to constants.
Existential Instantiation (EI)
The operation of deleting the existential quantifier and replacing in each occurrence of the variable with a constant. The existential name or constant to be used must be a new name that has not occurred in any previous lines in the proof.
Existential Generalization (EG)
The operation of adding a existential quantifier to a formula possessing either a constant or a variable and replacing it with a new quantified variable.
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